What is Arduino?
Arduino is an open-source platform that helps circuit developers build electronic projects. It consists of both hardware and software. Arduino hardware is a programmable circuit board called a microcontroller. Arduino software is an IDE (integrated development environment) through which developers write and upload the code to the microcontroller.
We can feed a program with a set of instructions to the Arduino board that can carry out simple to complex tasks. Traditional programmable circuit boards require separate hardware to load the code onto the board. But Arduino eliminates the need for hardware; instead, it uses a simple USB cable to load code onto the Arduino board.
The Arduino board enables developers to feed the program in the simplified version of the C++ language, making it easier for them to learn and code.
Arduino UNO Starter Kit Specifications
Arduino Hardware
The hardware part of the Arduino is its programmable circuit board. You might have come across various Arduino boards in your work, but the most commonly used Arduino board is Arduino UNO. All Arduino boards have a microcontroller known as a small computer, which is the heart of Arduino.
So, when learning about Arduino, it’s essential to learn about microcontrollers and how to use them. The Arduino microcontroller is responsible for reading different inputs and controlling the outputs.
Arduino Software
Arduino’s software is called Arduino IDE. You can download the software on your computer and program the Arduino boards to perform various tasks accordingly.
IDE is similar to a text editor, where you write instructions for the Arduino board.
Arduino Code
Apart from hardware and software, the third most important aspect of Arduino is its code, also known as a sketch. You can write the code in the Arduino IDE and load it onto the board.
You might be wondering what language Arduino uses for scripting the code. Arduino has its native language analogous to C++, called Arduino Programming Language. Any program developed using Arduino Programming Language is called sketch and saved in a file with the .ino extension.
To write instructions for Arduino boards, you must possess a basic understanding of C and C++ programming languages.
Together, hardware, software, and code make up Arduino.
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